Tsa Policies Essay - 773 Words

As an aviation management major airport security is a concern that I have taken a huge interest in. Making travel safer to air travelers is one of the biggest tasks that will never end as long as there is a plane in the sky. However, there are many problems that come about when traveling because passengers feel as if they are being harassed, which doesn’t set a good look for the Transportation Security Administration. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) consist of 50,000 security officers, inspectors, directors, air marshals and managers who protect the nations transportation systems so you and your family can travel safely. They look for bombs at checkpoints in airports, they inspect rail cars, they patrol subways with our†¦show more content†¦Finally, the DHS found that the TSA had implemented procedures to investigate and resolve passenger complaints regarding the screening process. The TSA maintains a screening Performance Management Information System (PMIS) where recorded complaints are logged. Operations research analysis teams and federal security directors review complaints logged in the database to track trends and identify areas of concern and take appropriate actions, including possible disciplinary actions, to resolve specific issues. Complaints involving allegations of discrimination based on color, race, gender, religion, or national or ethnic origin are forwarded to the TSA’s Office of Civil Rights for further investigation. Despite considerable concern raised by some regarding inappropriate behavior during pat-down screening procedures, the DHS found no problems with the technique. Nonetheless, privacy groups, such as the American Civil Liberties Union (ALCU), continue to express concern over potential intrusion on individual rights and alleged cases of sexual harassment and abuse of passengers, particularly female passengers, by TSA screeners. These concerns, however, raise a significant challenge for the TSA: to maintain high levels of security, which require resolving all alarms and screening in detail those passengers ascertained to pose an elevated security risk, while maintaining the privacy rights and dignity of passengers identified for these secondaryShow MoreRelatedCase Analysis On Airport Security Screening1209 Words   |  5 PagesFollowing the tragic events of September 11th, 2001, the 107th Congress passed the Aviation and Transportation Security Act, establishing the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) (History, 2014), and transferred the responsibility for civil aviation security from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to the T SA (Statute and Regulation History, 2012). The Act was passed in just two months following the terrorist attacks, and likely would have passed even faster if it had not been for theRead MoreAirport Security : A Security935 Words   |  4 Pagesmuch security already or that we have done enough after the fact. Some claim that the excessive security breaks their privacy. However, airport security should be further improved by having different levels of tolerance instead of an all or nothing policy. 9/11 was the turning point in airport security. Before 9/11, the security was minimal. People could walk through the the security line with their drink without any questions asked. They could go through the line with their shoes and belt on. IfRead MoreCase Study Of Criminal Law976 Words   |  4 Pagesresources department and denied being intoxicated at the time of the arrest. A breathalyzer examination was administered and I pleaded not guilty to the charges against me. A trial was scheduled on _____, at Queens criminal court for the criminal charges. TSA Handbook to MD Number 1100.75-3,  § A (10) states that any disciplinary action imposed must be legally sufficient. A disciplinary action is legally sufficient only if: 1) the alleged unacceptable conduct is proven by a preponderance of the evidence;Read MoreThe Transportation Service Administration Directorate1734 Words   |  7 Pagesdirectorate, which is a directorate under the department of homeland security. The main purpose of this directorate is to ensure the safety of the United States’ transport infrastructure. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the objectives of the TSA and determine whether they are in alignment with the objectives of the department of homeland security. This ensures that the directorate works towards achieving the overall goal of the DHS as stipulated in its objectives. This ensures efficiency asRead MoreThe Transportation Security Administration (TSA) Essay790 Words   |  4 Pagesknown as TSA, is a part of the United States Dep artment of homeland Security that supervises and manages the safety of travelers in the United States. Unlike other government operated tasks forces such as the military or FBI whose as been in existence since (), the TSA was only recently founded twelve years ago in 2001 after the devastating terroristic attack that took place in New York city’s twin towers earlier that year. There are more than forty eight thousand people employed by the TSA in airportsRead MoreBody Scanners Essay808 Words   |  4 Pagesestablishment of the cabinet-level Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the TSA. TSA is an agency in the Department of Homeland Security and is responsible for screening all travelers and their luggage, as well as the screening of all air and rail transportation in the United States. The resulting changes in screening restricted potential carry-on weapons, such as sharp objects, scissors, clippers, and so forth. The TSA also used various methods of determining risk f actors for the detainment andRead MoreThe Transportation Security Administration is Ineffective Essay631 Words   |  3 Pagescreated the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) to protect air travel and prevent similar attacks. In 2012, the TSA had a budget of $8.1 billion, and while it claims to improve airport security, it fails to do so. Additionally, their checkpoints are privacy-invasive and cumbersome, negatively impacting the air travel industry. For these reasons, the agency should be abolished. As a response to the 9/11 attacks, one would expect that the TSA would improve airport security. In reality, itsRead MoreTsa And Transportation Security Administration916 Words   |  4 PagesTransportation Security Administration (TSA) and heighten its security throughout the transportation system, which were designed to prevent similar attacks in the future. This research paper will discuss the history of the TSA and what it does, how TSA improve aviation security, and the cargo screening process. This paper will conclude an overall debrief of my discussion about the TSA and transportation security. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) was establish in response of 9/11Read MoreEthical Analysis Of American And Israeli Airport Security1591 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Analysis of American and Israeli Airport Security Airport security in the United States has been a controversial topic since the terrorist attacks of September 11th. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) was established to ensure the safety and security of US airports. Travelers voiced concerns and complaints over the heightened security measures, arguing that they invade privacy and are unethical. On the other hand, Israel’s Ben Gurion Airport takes a very different approachRead MoreTransportation Service Administration and Aviation1387 Words   |  6 Pagesorganization! (Institute of Business Ethices, 2013). Aviation security is a service or several services currently provided by the Transportation Service Administration or as we more commonly know them during this season of travel, TSA. The mission statement for the TSA is â€Å"Protect the Nations transportation systems to ensure freedom of movement for people and commerce.† (Department of Homeland Security, 2013) From this mission statement we can see that people traveling are the stakeholders, but

Being Christian Is Not Easy - 1622 Words

People outside Christianity, or any religion, may think that being a Christian is easy. People may believe it is just holiness and happiness, but that is not always the case. There are many obstacles and much difficulty that they have to get through before they actually reach happiness and their religious goals with God. Other individuals could be an issue because people may have different beliefs. People may mock the Christian ways and the way the certain Christians are living. Also individuals that either do not believe in God or are against the religious world can be a problem for us. Having a friend or family member that does not believe in the same thing you do could be difficult and may possibly cause a problem. It may possibly tear a relationship apart. When praying it may be difficult for two people because yes, you and your friend will be praying together but inside you will be praying to two different Gods, which may be awkward. Different religion beliefs may also be an issue at gatherings or events. If you invite your Islamic friend over for dinner and the main course was ham, it will cause an issue and might cause confrontation. But Acts 4:12 says â€Å"Salvation is found in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given to mankind by which we must be saved† basically saying God and Jesus are the only ones you should believe in, not any of these false gods. And by you doing so you will be saved. For someone to bash the religion can be a problem.Show MoreRelatedEssay Christians And Non-christian Culture917 Words   |  4 Pagesto unite as one under God and rise up against the evil forces of the world. In order to do this everyone, both religious and the not religious, need to be aware of and recognize the lifestyles of each other. Non Christians should at least study the Philosophy of Christianity, as Christians should explore the philosophy of infidelity. Justin Martyr found discussion with Tryphno very stimulating because the two ended up sharing similar viewpoints on important religious philosophies. (Justin, DialogueRead More John Bunyan’s Pilgrimes Progress Essay1128 Words   |  5 Pagesfascinating story describes the life of Christian, a married man living in the City of Destruction, who longs to travel to the Celestial City. As Christian struggles to stay on the right, though more difficult path, I fight to focus in school and not pay attention to distracti ng ideas. I also fight to get strong enough in dance to become a professional dancer, just as Christian has to climb the Hill of Difficulty to get to the Palace Beautiful. In order for Christian to arrive at the Celestial City withoutRead MoreThe Death Of Jesus Left1243 Words   |  5 PagesActs 2, it tells of the gift that Jesus sent, the Holy Spirit, filling up the disciples with excitement and sparking the need to spread the gospel. The spread of christianity was not easy, and it wasn’t exactly quick, but it did spread effectively, and it left it’s mark on the world. The spread of Christianity was not easy. Everyone wasn’t as accepting of the faith, especially the already existing churches of the western world. Persecution and hate flared up all over. The Sanhedrin had always been againstRead MoreMy Favorite Partnership With Vibella Jewelry929 Words   |  4 PagesI grew up in the small, Dutch, Christian town of Sioux Center, Iowa. I walked 2 blocks to a local Reformed church right across the street from my house. I attended Sunday school and catechism every Sunday and Wednesday. In middle school and high school, I attended many church camps and did countless service projects. Two of my favorite partnerships was with ViBella Jewelry. ViBella is a Christian organization that works with women in Haiti by giving them jobs making jewelry from old plastic bottlesRead MoreWhy Didn t Hypocrisy Make It Onto The 7 Deadly Sins List?851 Words   |  4 Pagesteeming with sin. Even in the final sentence of the essay, the speaker Coyle mentions how a â€Å"Guess Your Weight† booth was excluded due to so many people showing pride or envy. Since such an event was by the Church, God would not appreciate sins being committed there. But the speaker then proves to be hypocritical, providing an example of judgment on the young Melissa Wyckoff, whom many men had the hots for. Although the author shows how hypocritical this group is, they forget that we are all likeRead MorePicturing The Bible By Spier J. Art Museum, Fort Worth1007 Words   |  5 Pages Picturing the bible explores the tradition of Christian art throughout the third century A.D. Christianity slowly emerged becoming the religion of the Roman Empire. This book is based on Christianity and how the religion was viewed through images. The text has an ere of concepts that ties in the concepts of Christians to the beginning of the start of Christianity. The purpose of this book is to show the readers the difference between how Christian art was represented and how other art was portrayedRead MoreChristianity and Islam763 Words   |  4 PagesUnfortunately it is hard to say or believe if they will ever reconcile because of their differences. Inherited from Judaism, Islam and Christianity are beliefs that believe that God created the world and cares about the behavior and beliefs of human beings. There is no coincidence that the two largest religions in the world both have the same foundation and origin. In fact, in their scriptures they share the same character, stories and basic fundamentals of belief. Some of the many similarities foundRead MoreEssay on C.S. Lewis: Mere Christianity1251 Words   |  6 Pagesto be the Son of God, t he three personal God, the relationship of God and time, the cost of being a Christian, how God works to turn us into image of Christ, why Christian growth is both hard and easy, and also what he thinks about our old personalities before becoming Christians. These are all relative topics that apply to us and our daily lives. Learning and understanding this book can help a Christian tremendously in forming a deeper relationship with God. Chapter One is a discussion aboutRead MoreHow Does The Christian World Look For The Outsider? David Kinnaman1627 Words   |  7 PagesHow does the Christian world look to the outsider? David Kinnaman along with the Barna group attempt to answer this question in UnChristian. Oddly enough the five most common adjectives used by people literalistic, anti-intellectual, self-righteous, judgmental, and bigoted. Us Christians might object, rather defensively to try an sway the crowd, playing the card off, â€Å"that s unfair to draw sweeping conclusions based upon the report of one person in the church.† If you think that way, you d be rightRead MoreThe, Visible M A World Without Secrets1512 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Antarctic penguins detect the precise call of their chicks among the 150,000 families in the nesting site† (Christin 96). If only it were this easy to know who you were talking to online. This leads me to Peter Singer’s â€Å"Visible Man: Ethics in a W orld Without Secrets† which he explains that being watched through surveillance increases our morals. And Brian Christians â€Å"Authenticating† discusses the importance of artificial intelligence and what makes us human. Both of the articles listed describes how technology

Racial discrimination in Australia

Question: Discuss about the Racial discrimination in Australia. Answer: Introduction Scholars who have studied racism claim have found out that it is common in many societies and is experienced in the service industry areas like health, education and employment. This makes racism a controversial topic and an issue that needs to be addressed in the modern society. This is experienced by the gaps that exist between different groups within the society that is as a result of differential access to resources and facilities in the society. This has been fostered by social identity which has seen the society and people of different colours get deeper into their racist cocoons and make the reality of racism more prevalent (Fredrickson, 2002). Loosemore Chau (2002), argues that many countries and regions of the world have suffered the effects of racism that have been seen in countries like South Africa characterised by apartheid and USA characterised by Negro. These aspects have drawn sharp line between people of different colours in such like countries. On the other hand racism in Australia dates back to the historic migrations of people from Great Britain and Ireland. The arrival of migrants displaced the original inhabitants of Australia who were the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders from their normal life. This made the communities suffer rapid collapse as a result of establishment of the British colony. Today aspects of racial discrimination are still being felt in Australia as a result of the historical factors that determined how this group thrived together in the prehistoric Australia (Hannaford, 1996). Statement of the Problem The modern word is said to have moved great steps in doing away with forms of discrimination like racial discrimination. Many countries have passed legislations that aim to cushion the underprivileged races within the society and further adopted affirmative action that is aimed at ensuring that the underprivileged races within the society are able to catch up with other groups that have moved ahead of others. However these legislations have not been effective since they have failed to address the underlying issues that are beneath the aspect of racism since the issues have been structured within the society. Today the society is facing a new aspect of racism that is called structural racism. This study seeks to determine the racial patterns within Australia (Winant, 2000). Research Questions What is racial discrimination? What are forms of racial discrimination? What are the causes of racial discrimination? What are the effects of racial discrimination? How can racism be prevented? Study Significance This research focuses on determining patterns of racial discrimination within the society. The findings will help determine the major areas that discrimination is common and propose mechanism that can be used to address the vice. Study Limitations This reserch will be limited within the Australian society and thus some aspects that may be proposed are found may not be fully generalised to other societies since racial discrimination patterns vary from society to society. LiteratureReview This part discusses the secondary literature based on the research topic. The chapter discusses what other researchers have gathered over the topic and what the views of previous research are. This will guide in determining the flow of the research. Definition of Racial Discrimination The experience of colour has been the greatest difference between different groups in the society. The world and people who live in were created with specific attributes and physical characteristics that differentiate them from other groups. The world has been divided into two major colours of black and white. This is the root of racism and how people have been discriminated. Racism is a widely discussed issue in many societies in the modern world. It is an issue that has been rooted in the western society as a symptom that is experienced daily in the modern society (Zong, 1994; McGuiness, 2000). The use Commission on Civil Rights, 1970 defines racism as any attitude or action that is aimed at subordinating an individual or a group based on colour. This therefore means that racism is not only based on attitudes but rather structures and actions that lead to racism. It is the notion that people of a given society posses certain physical characteristics especially those based on colour are more superior or inferior to another group. These believe is fostered by the notions that people of a particular race poses certain abilities that make them dominant over others. From a social perspective racism is the way in inferior people within the society experience discrimination based on their skin colour. Therefore racism is a form of prejudice where the opinions that people have on a particular race are based on actual experience or reasons that can be substantiated. This means that the individual subscribes to the notion of race through upholding erroneous beliefs about racial characteristics that have been used to label others. Racism is the belief that members of another race are more superior or inferior to your race. (Dunn, Forrest, Burnley, McDonald, 2004; Kobayashi Peake, 2000). This stems from stereotypes that exist within the society since they are used to justify opportunities based on the fact that an inferior group posses inferior abilities. Forms of Racial Discrimination Scholars who have studied racism have developed structural racism which focuses on normalizing and legitimizing the historical, interpersonal and institutional advantages that one group in the society has had over the other. An example can be in the US and Australia where the white population had better privileges as compared to the less privileged society. This therefore forms a system of hierarchy inequality and hierarchy that has been characterised by supremacy of the white population. This supremacy leads to differential treatment, power and privileges of the defined dominant race (Carlos 2012). On the other hand individual racism lies within the individual and the manifestations that the individual holds within the self. These may include prejudice, internalized oppression and the dominance culture of a particular race. Institutional racism lies within the institutions in the society. It is seen in the discriminatory treatment in terms of unfair policies and inequalities that ar e based race that is produced by institutions. Therefore a racist society is seen as a society where social policies, decisions and procedures that give privileges to one group of society while denying another group the same privileges. However there are other forms of racial discrimination that may include internalized racism where an individual feels self hatred for individuals of a particular group. In most cases this is normally by members of the superior group who feel hatred for people from a different race or group. However colorism is based on differential treatment of people based on their colour. Whites or light skinned people are treated differentially as compared to darker skinned people. Lastly reverse discrimination is being experienced by the white population as a result of affirmative action. The need to balance the society and remove limitations to privileges has led to the establishment of affirmative action by countries that have experienced this form of discrimination. This means that the minor race in the society will be favoured by the law in many opportunities and will not actively compete like any other group. This therefore leaves the superior race discriminated due to the reverse effect. Causes of Racial Discrimination Racism has been historically caused by an instinctive reaction for species protection. Human beings are social animals and thus will want to relate to those similar to them in colour and their physical characteristics. Therefore when a new group tends to intrude into social space and threatens to harm certain attributes that are important to the group like culture, family, identity or territory, then the reaction to this new group is the beginning of racism. The migration of the British and Irish people to Australia threatened the existing indigenous communities and thus the groups had to regroup due t inferiority. This fear of loss means the inferior group seeks protection makes the aces see a difference between themselves (Bonilla-Silva, 1997). However Symbolic interactionists argue that racism is constructed when two different groups meet for the first time. In the first contact due to different status between these two people, conflict arise where one group see itself as superior and the other inferior. Functionalist theorists argue that ethnicity and race are functional within the society and contribute to the stability of the society. Thus they argue that minority races or groups within the society need to be assimilated into the larger group so that they can get away from discrimination (Bergerson, 2003; Gillborn, 2006). In Australia racial discrimination is slowly fading due to the intermarriage between different races in the country. On the other hand symbolic interactionists suggest that social interaction reduces the inequalities that exist between groups. Effects of Racial Discrimination The biggest effect of racism is stigma which leads to racial discrimination within the society. Stigma is characterised by the failure of the inferior race in the society to progress in many areas of the society. This therefore gives birth to prejudice which further spreads racism within the society. This means that the effects of racism and stigma become embedded deep in the society making it difficult to address these effects. MacKinnon (2004) argues that racism is used in distribution of resources and marginalising one group over the other. Therefore racism should be understood as something that many people in the society go through daily. The Aboriginal population of Australia have been racially discriminated in many aspects of life. This is because the ideologies and social prejudices that are used to build racism do a lot of damage to those affected. Anderson, Attwood Howard (2004) argue that racism leads to stereotyping of groups within the society that affects them in several ways. In Australia the Aboriginal population has been associated with the negative characteristics like alcoholism, addiction and unemployment and violence. The Aboriginal population has thus survived in Australia based on their dependence on the federal government. This degrades and increases the stereotyping that the Aboriginal face within the larger Australia. This has further been increased by the Racism builds social hierarchies within the society that are based on the racial definitions and discriminations within the society. Smith (2001), suggest that throughout many societies, particular groups have been discriminated by others where Foucault stated that it can be expressed in simple ways like colonialism which deprives a particular race of its resources and opportunities. This affects the well being of the deprived groups Victims of racism have been characterised as being anxious, angry and bitter. In extreme cases these reactions lead to violence directed towards the groups that is seen as being superior to the other group being discriminated. These cases have been mostly reported in the US where the blacks have been reported as being violent and arrogant. The violence and arrogance is a result of inferiority complex and a way of protection. Furthermore these reactions lead to deep discrimination and treatment of the inferior races by institutions. This leads to racial profiling in some regions that is aimed at cutting down violence and crime. However racial profiling leads to the disproportional targeting of the inferior race in the society and thus making them to pay for actions that they may have not committed (Blair, 2008). How Racism can be Prevented Legislation through affirmative action has been seen as one of the best way that can be used to address racism. Since racism is attributed to social inequality and differential access to opportunities, then the best way to address these inequalities through affirmative action that will give the underprivileged a platform to compete with the superior race (Forrest Dunn, 2006). Bonilla (2006) argues that the best way to do away with racism is through adequate socialisation of different groups within the society. This is because in many societies where racism is still being reported, research has shown that the racism traits are deeply embedded in the social structure of the society which makes it difficult for them to e addressed through legislation. Barth (1998) further suggests that legislation may not be the ultimate solution since many cases of racial discrimination are not reported. Extreme cases of racism are dealt with by the individual through violence or any other form that can be used to counter. Due to lack of reporting, it means that the law cannot adequately protect those who are being discriminated. On the other hand the system of legislation may also be full of racism sympathisers who may respond as required on cases of racism. Reseach Designand Methodology Introduction This chapter looks at the methodology that will be used in carrying out the research. It analyses the research design to be used in the research, the target population, sample and sample size and then how the research will collect data. It will also look at methods of analysing the collected data. Research Design The research design adopted by a researcher is the overall summary of how the researcher will carry out research, how data will be collected and the sources and tools used in the research (Creswell, 2003). This research will use the survey design in carrying out research.. The cross sectional survey design will be adopted to enable collection of data from different categories of people and to describe the effects of racial prejudice and stereotyping within the society. The researcher will base on the views of the respondents from questionnaires and interviews backed up by secondary data to drive conclusions. Target Population The researcher targets 320 respondents that will be picked from different locations. The respondents will come from a diverse population to allow gathering adequate data. The respondents will be picked from open public facilities that have free access. Table one: Target population Categories of groups Frequency Percentage Young males 80 25 Young females 80 25 Old males 80 25 Old females 80 25 Total 320 100 Sample size A sample is part of the whole population that the researcher targets which is drawn from the larger population to ease data collection and analysis. In this case, a sample size of 30 people will be sampled. Thus 10% of the target population will be part of the research. Table two: Sample size Categories of groups targeted Target population Sample size percentage Sample size Young males 80 10 8 Young females 80 10 8 Old males 80 10 8 Old females 80 10 8 Total 320 10 32 Sampling Techniques Sampling techniques are used to ensure that the researcher eliminates biasness and gives an opportunity for the population to participate. This study draws samples from several groups of respondents who are involved in public recreation centres. According to research responses that are generated through self reports by respondents have generated accurate results and thus a questionnaire becomes the best tool for gathering data. (Allan Emma, 2007). The researcher will use stratified sampling and simple random sampling in data collection process. In stratified sampling the researcher will divide the respondents in four groups or rather strata that will be young males, young females, old male adults and old female adults. In each stratum the researcher will use simple random sampling to get the number of respondents to be part of the research study. Data Collection Instruments Various sources will be used to collect data. That is primary and secondary sources. The primary source will provide the first hand data directly from respondents. Information will carefully be chosen basing on respondents category to guard against biased information. The secondary data will include literature that will be gotten from published journals, books, and others. Internet based information available on different web sites was also used. Data collection methods and tools will include Internet based data; internet surfing and down loads from the available websites. Documentary based data include library reading and research from deferent text of different scholars, journals (Geoff .and Judy, 2007). Questionnaires are prepared and will be sent to selected respondents. The researcher comprehensively explains to the respondents the purpose of the study within the questionnaire. They are a mixture of closed and open ended and semi structured question. Validity and Reliability of Research Instruments. Content validity will assist the researcher to determine the validity of the data. The researcher will be assisted by the supervisor to review the research tools and suggest a few adaptations if need be. Content validity of the refined items including the modified items will be examined by my research supervisor to identify errors and gaps within the research. The researcher will evaluate the items to be used in the research to determine their validity and ability to deliver relevant data to the research. In testing reliability of a research instrument a pre-test method will be conducted whereby a few respondents will be selected and given questionnaires in order to detect, eliminate and to determine whether the questionnaires have the ability to provide desired results. Data Analysis The researcher will adopt both qualitative and quantitative analysis of data to understand the problem and draw conclusions. The data collected will be arranged and edited to ensure accuracy, relevance, consistency, reliability and completeness of the findings. Responses from the questionnaires will be entered into SPSS and an analysis of the data carried out, further MS Excel will be used to carry out descriptive analysis of the data. It will be tabulated and reduced to percentages, deriving frequency tables afterwards and results will then be compiled into the report. References Allan, B and Emma, B (2007), Business Research Methods USA Oxford University Press Asian Development Bank. Vol 3, Pp. 20 Anderson, S. L., Attwood, P. F. Howard, L. C. (2004): Facing Racism in Education (3rd edition). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Publishing Group, 2004. Barth, F. (1998). Ethnic groups and boundaries: The social organization of culture differences. Long Grove, ILL: Waveland Press. Bergerson, A. A. (2003): Critical race theory and white racism: Is there room for white scholars in fighting racism in education? Qualitative Studies in Education, 2003, VOL 16, NO. 1, 51-63. Bonilla-Silva, E. (2006). Racism without racists: Colour-blind racism and the persistence of racial inequality in the United States. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers. Bonilla-Silva, E. (1997). Rethinking racism: Toward a structural interpretation. American, Sociological Review, 62(3): 465-480. Blair, M. (2008). Whiteness as institutionalized racism as conspiracy: Understanding the paradigm. Educational Review, 60(3): 249-251. Carlos Hoyt (2012). The Pedagogy of the Meaning of Racism: Reconciling a Discordant Discourse. National Association of Social Workers, Vol 57 p225-234. Creswell John (2003). Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative. and Mixed methods Approaches, London, SAGE Publications Dunn, K.M., Forrest, J., Burnley, I. McDonald, A. 2004, 'Constructing racism in Australia', Australian journal of Social Issues, vol. 39, no. 4,pp. 409-430. Fredrickson, G. M. (2002). Racism: A short history. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Forrest, J. Dunn, K.M. 2006, Racism and intolerance in Eastern Australia: a geographic perspective', Australian Geographer, vol. 37, no. 2,pp. 167-186. Geoff, P. and Judy, P. (2007).Key concepts in social Research. Newbury park, Sage publications Ltd. Gillborn, D. (2006): Critical race theory and education: Racism and anti-racism in educational theory and praxis. Discourse: studies in the cultural politics of education. Vol. 27, No. 1, March 2006, pp. 11-32 Mills, C. W. (1997): The racial contract. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997 Hannaford, I. (1996). Race: The history of an idea in the west. Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Centre Press. Kobayashi, A. Peake, L. (2000), 'Racism out of place: thoughts on Whiteness and an antiracist geography in the new millennium', Annals of the Association of American Geographers, vol. 90, pp. 392-403. LAwrence D. Bobo (2003). Race, Racism, and Discrimination: Bridging Problems, Methods, and Theory in Social Psychological Research, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 66, No. 4,319-332 Loosemore, M. Chau, D.W. (2002), Racial discrimination towards Asian operatives in the Australian construction industry, Construction Management and Economics, vol. 20, no. 1,pp. 91-102. McGuiness, M.(2000), Geography matters? Whiteness and contemporary geography, The Canadian Journal of Native Studies, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 225-230. Proulx, C. (2000). Current directions in Aboriginal law/justice in Canada. The Canadian Journal of Native Studies, 20(2): 371-409. Smith, Ryan A. (2001). Particularism in Control Over Monetary Resources at Work: Analysis of Racioethnic Differences in the Authority Outcomes of Black, White, and Latino Men. Work and Occupations 28:447-68 Winant, Howard. (2000). Race and Race Theory. Annual Review of Sociology 26:169-85. Zong, L. (1994). Structural and psychological dimensions of racism: Towards an alternative perspective. Canadian Ethnic Studies, 26(3): 122-134.

Is education only learned in school free essay sample

School influences people in many different ways, such as academic knowledge, social activities, and other students stuff. However, the importance of schooling is outweighed by that Of other experiences beyond school, like going to Africa to visit young patient suffering from AIDS, or wandering around the yard in the soft moonlight to gain inspiration of composing songs. How can you seek inspiration through the combination of love and nature can hardly be learned through professors lectures, but by using our hearts to feel and to appreciate.Going to the place where people lead a strenuous life as well as experiencing the pain from diseases does help us realize that we should appreciate the happy life we are leading, and to what extent we are supposed to contribute ourselves to the society. I admire Lady Diana Frances Spencer, Princess of Wales, for her visit to Africa during which she shook hands with children who got AIDS and respect her for her ignorance of the royal contentment of her kindness towards the poor, she could have lived economically amply without such care of other arduous people; however, she pursued spiritual intactness which ties her heart to that of all. We will write a custom essay sample on Is education only learned in school or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since such recruits of complete soul is rarely taught in school, we learn it from our daily like little by little. How to live, which we accumulate from our own experiences outside school is no wonder more essential than make a living, which we are taught in school every day. As a part of how to live, besides taking care of others, drawing inspiration from life also plays an indispensable role in our lives. How to seek inspiration through the combination of love and nature can hardly be learned through professors lectures, but using our hearts to feel and to appreciate.Though academic education may teach us math, history, ND how to write papers, it is social education that gives us the tools to communicate with other people. Since each of us will probably live in social communities for the rest of our lives, the latter education is undeniably necessary. Hence, burying our noses in books will only make us into capable scholars, but not necessarily capable members of society. Basically, school is crucial in peoples life, yet not the most important and influential part of human life. School is a place where we use academic knowledge to better understand the world and sublimate our souls.

THE STORM BY KATE CHOPIN essays

THE STORM BY KATE CHOPIN essays The Storm by Kate Chopin is a classic example of effective use of setting. the author chooses a absolutely remarkable setting that not only highlights the significance of the actions taking place during the story but also accentuate the intensity of passion and emotions that the two characters Calixta and Alcee share. This story takes place during a stormy night when Calixta's husband Bobinot is away from home with his son and has not yet returned. it appears that he has been caught in the storm. During this night, her ex-lover comes to her place to seek shelter and as is usually common in such situations, Calixta is drawn to Alcee who is also a married man by now. Both renew their passion with the storm raging outside. The setting is tied to their passion and emotions because as the storm gets intense, so does the passion between the couple. "While the storm burst. It shook the wooden store and seemed to be ripping great furrows in the distant field" (Chopin, 96), and also again "The rain beat on the low, shingled roof with a force and clatter that threatened to break an entrance The setting thus plays an important role in conveying and illustrating the passion of the couple and its changing level of intensity. Calixta and Alcee were so caught in the moment that they simply didn't let their marital status become a hurdle and this was clear from the way Chopin described it, "They did not heed the crashing torrents, and the roar of the elements made her laugh as she lay in his arms" (97). Setting has been used to accentuate the intensity of their emotions and similarly it is also used to show the end and waning of the passion. "The growl of the thunder was distant and passing away. The rain beat softly on the shingles, inviting them to drowsiness and sleep." (98) Apart from the storm, the time these actions take place also signifies something important. Night symbolizes dar ...

Differences between Action and Stative Verbs

Differences between Action and Stative Verbs All verbs in English are classified as either stative or action verbs (also referred to as dynamic verbs). Action verbs describe actions we take (things we do) or things that happen. Stative verbs refer to the way things are - their appearance, state of being, smell, etc. The most important difference between stative and action verbs is that action verbs can be used in continuous tenses and stative verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Action Verbs Shes studying math with Tom at the moment. AND She studies math with Tom every Friday. Theyve been working since seven oclock this morning. AND They worked for two hours yesterday afternoon. Well be having a meeting when you arrive. AND We are going to meet next Friday. Stative Verbs The flowers smell lovely. NOT Those flowers are smelling lovely. She heard him speak in Seattle yesterday afternoon. NOT She was hearing him speak in Seattle yesterday afternoon. Theyll love the concert tomorrow evening. NOT Theyll be loving the concert tomorrow evening. Common Stative Verbs There are many more action verbs than stative verbs. Here is a list of some the most common stative verbs: Be -  He is from Dallas, TX in the Southwest.Hate -  She hates ironing clothes, but doesnt want to wear them wrinkled.Like -  I like spending time with my friends.  Love  - She loves her children just as any mother loves her children.Need -  Im afraid I dont need a new pair of shoes.  Belong -  Do these keys belong to you?Believe -  Jason believes the news about the company, but I dont.Cost - How much does that book cost?Get -  I get the situation, but I still dont know the answer.Impress -  Does Tom impress you with all his knowledge?Know - She knows the answer, but she doesnt want to give it away.Reach - Can I reach and take the hamburger?Recognize -  Susan recognizes the need for a discussion.Taste -  The wine tastes very fruity, but still has a dry finish.Think -  I think thats a good idea.  Understand -  Do you understand the question? You may notice that some of these verbs can be used as action verbs with different meanings. For example, the verb to think can either express an opinion ​or the process of considering. In the first case, when think expresses an opinion it is stative: I think she should work harder on her math.She thinks he is a fantastic singer. Think, however, can also express the process of considering something. In this case think is an action verb: Theyre thinking about buying a new house.Shes thinking of joining a health club. Generally, stative verbs fall into four groups: Verbs Showing Thought or Opinions Know -  She knows the answer to the question.Believe -  Do you believe what he says every time?Understand - I understand the situation very well.Recognize -  She recognizes him from high school.   Verbs Showing Possession Have -  I have a car and a dog.Own -  Peter owns a motorcycle and a scooter, but no car.Belong -  Do you belong to the fitness club?Possess -  She possesses an incredible talent for talking. Verbs Showing Senses Hear -  I hear someone in the other room.Smell -  It smells bad in here. Did you fart?See -  I see three trees in the yard.Feel -  I feel happy this afternoon.   Verbs Showing Emotion Love -  I love listening to classical music.Hate -  She hates to get up early every day.Want -  I want some help with my homework.Need -  I need some time with my friends.   If you are unsure of whether a verb is an action verb or a stative verb ask yourself the following question: Does this verb relate some sort of process or a state? If it relates a process, then the verb is an action verb. If it relates a state, the verb is a stative verb.

The Implementation of the Critical Success Factors Case Study

The Implementation of the Critical Success Factors - Case Study Example After original implementation, a stabilization stage happens when implementation challenges are predetermined and organizational performance gets better. Ross comments that nearly all organizations stay in the stabilization stage for many months and occasionally years. The constant improvement of the procedure follows and lastly major process transformation is facilitated. Few organizations get to the transformation stage even though most prepare to. Ross observes that big ERP system implementations might engage different series through the procedure model for every separate unit in the ERP system. In another case study, Markus and Tanis designed a four-stage ERP implementation procedure model. The stages are chartering, plan, shakedown, and onward and upward. The chartering stage comprises expansion of the business case, the assortment of the ERP package, classification of a project executive, and endorsement of the financial plan and to-do list. The project and shakedown stages are very alike to the implementation and stabilization stage in the Ross model above. The onward and upward stage entails the continuous business development and transformation consequent to the very last two stages of Ross’s model. Environmental and cultural issues play a significant part in the ERP implementation achievement.Without a doubt, ERPs have also shown challenging to put into practice, even in Western organizations, frequently due to an underrated requirement for change management and the relocation of roles and their significance for actors. Most organizational practices are subjective not only by societal features but as well as by the reflections suitable within an organizational sector, public or private. Private organizations are different from public organizations at three separate levels.

Can Crime be Considered Moral Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Can Crime be Considered Moral - Essay Example However, there are more than a few citizens who have committed crimes, acting out of concern for others or in protecting loved ones. To determine whether a crime is necessarily immoral, assumptions must be made. The first assumption is that all laws determine what consists of a crime based on harm or damage to others. The second is that all crimes hurt or bring harm to others, whether individuals, groups, corporations or other living things. The third assumption is that each citizen views harm in the same manner. Various cultural beliefs, ethical theories and value systems make it impossible for all citizens to each and every crime as moral or immoral. One who believes that murder is wrong, regardless of circumstances, may view an individual who has hurt or killed an intruder as wrong. Another may view self defense as allowable and justifiable. A serial murderer may be seen as evil or completely lacking in morals. Many in our society wonder how such an individual â€Å"can remain st eadfastly convinced of his own moral superiority and show not even the slightest glimmer of remorse.† (Silber). Most of society does not understand how the serial murderer can feel that way. Yet, the members of society will accept that â€Å"the five-year-old Iraqi girl who was killed by the same bombs that killed al-Zarqawi† was necessary to accomplish a goal. Murder is considered immoral, especially when victims are young and innocent. â€Å"Surely it is better for the world that men should be right from wrong motives than that they would do wrong with the best intentions.

All About Me Essay Example for Free

All About Me Essay My father always told me â€Å"if at first you don’t succeed, try and try again. † I have always found this advice useful. My family, my academic interests, and my future goals shape the person I am today. My family consists of six members. My father, the one who shows me the right paths, my mother who cares for me and teaches me to be understanding and supporting. My brother, whom I always fight with like how a good friends does. My grandparents who always taught me what I’m supposed to do. I learnt a lot of things because of my family, how should I behave in front of others, to be helpful and what I can do to improve my myself. Basically the things I should do at the right time. I really don’t know I would have done if had no family. Things would have been a lot different. My family has helped me to be what I am today. I like a lot of academic activities. My main interests are in technology and astronomy. I develop this interest by watching about it on television. My interest in technology helps me know what technology is around me and how can I can use it in the area which interests me. World is changing. Healthcare has improved very much. The average life span has now increased to 80 – 90 Years and with growing research in medicine, very soon, people will live more than 100 Yrs. The ageing population will have lower productivity but will need to be fed. I believe agriculture in future will provide challenging opportunities. This challenge interests me very much. My aim is to become a microbotic engineer. My aim is to help the farmers with better technology so that they can become more productive and grow more with less. I want to play a small part to help the world in area of agriculture. I want to make something that increases the productivity rate of a farmer with fewer amounts of water, area, land and minerals. With less cost of these, the farmer can produce more crops. I thought of making microbots that can be placed in the soil in the middle of 4 seeds. These microbots should be able to detect the humidity and mineral content. If there are fewer amounts of water or minerals it can communicate with another robot wirelessly which can come to the place where there is requirements and give the required amount of whatever is needed. This could be done instead of watering acres of land. To reach my aim I will try to join clubs that teach how to make robots. I would also like to learn how to make micro chips so I can make my own robots with my technology in it.

Rise of US to power during the 20th century Essay -- essays research p

The U.S. Rise   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were many factors that contributed to the United States’ rise and roles as a world power during the early 20th century. Presidential policies during this time period were the foundation of the U.S.’s role as a world power. The conflict in the Philippines was evidence of the U.S.’s ability to crush uprising and control a territory. The Spanish-American War demonstrates the U.S.’s role as a world power. Although the U.S. was only about a century old it’s influence drastically affected the whole world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Presidents during the 20th century developed and relied on many different policies involving foreign relations. President Roosevelt’s policy was â€Å"Speak softly and carry a big stick: you will go far.† He applied this African proverb in Latin American relations and acted as a sort of â€Å"international police officer.† Taft’s â€Å"Dollar Diplomacy† advised American businesses to invest wherever their products are sold. President Wilson believed that the U.S. was the champion democracy, and whenever the U.S. could instill democracy or help out, it should. This policy was called â€Å"Moral Diplomacy.† Presidential policies kept the U.S. involved in foreign affairs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After Commodore Dewey had captured the Philippines an uproar tested the power of the U.S. After debate, the U.S. decided to annex and hold off the independence that the Philippines had waited so long for. The U.S. used crue...

Examples of human societies that collapsed prior to c. 1700 CE

Classic Mayan civilization was among the most advanced to ever develop in the New World prior to European contact, and at its height, Mayan cities supported populations estimated at 250 to 750 people per square mile. 1 They were the only advanced Mesoamerican civilization to have developed an extensive system of writing; they also developed their own unique calendar, and extensively studied mathematics and astronomy.The Classic period of Maya civilization is thought to have begun around 250 CE, based on scholarly interpretation of glyphs on Mayan monuments. 2 It is thought that the occurrence of certain repetitive glyphs within an area signify the rise of a local dynasty or kingdom. Based on the number of archeologically verified houses, the Mayan population is estimated to have exponentially increased to its peak of approximately 13 million in around 750CE3, accompanied by a similar increase in the number and size of monuments and buildings.After this point these numbers decline unt il around 900 CE, which is said to mark the collapse of the Classic Mayan civilization in general. Among Mayan cities of the Classic period, however, some were noted to have peaked and collapsed as early as 600 CE, while others persisted much longer, such as Chichen Itza (around 1250 CE). 4The end of the Classic Maya period was not the end of Mayan civilization itself, because Spanish explorers such as Cortes encountered Mayan resistance as they established their presence in the area. While diseases introduced by the Spanish occupation eventually brought the survivors’ numbers down to an estimated 3,000 in 1714 CE5, the Spanish occupation itself was not a significant factor in the decline of a civilization which had already reached its zenith and collapsed centuries before.Although the Spaniards’ religious fervor drove them to destroy several of the Mayan manuscripts out of fear of paganism, the surviving written records have enabled archeologists to understand much ab out the Mayan writing system, and the explorers’ own documentation of the Maya have proved helpful to scholars6. Modern scientific methods have enabled us to understand a great deal about the factors that may have undermined such an advanced society and brought about its downfall.Located at latitudes of 17o to 22o north of the equator, rainfall in the land of the ancient Maya is seasonal and unpredictable, and hence in reality, the habitat of the Mayan civilization can be most accurately described as a seasonal rainforest or desert7. Rainfall varies with location, from 500 mm a year along the north coast, to 4,000 mm a year in some southern areas8. Due to the unpredictable timing and amount of rain in any given season, even modern farmers have frequently encountered difficulties in growing crops.The Maya obviously succeeded in their agricultural efforts for a long time, and cities such as Tikal even show evidence of the construction of cisterns and reservoirs to store water i n times of drought9. However, considering the high population density of Classic Mayan cities at their peak, even with their successful agriculture and ability to store water reserves in times of drought, the Maya would still have been vulnerable to severe, prolonged drought – perhaps enough to send them into collapse.To find records of what the climate in the Mayan homeland was like at that time, geologists from the University of Florida gathered sediment cores from several lakes in the Yucatan area and analyzed the patterns of deposition, which indicate that the driest interval in the region in the past 7,000 years had coincided with the collapse of the Classic Maya civilization, between 800-1000 CE. A further study by Larry Peterson and Gerald Haug used x-ray fluorescence to analyze oceanic sediment cores.Titanium and iron deposits in the sediment were used as indicators of rainfall, because these elements originate predominantly from continental rocks and thus a high amou nt of titanium and iron deposits would reflect on a high volume of rainfall on land in that year. The results corroborated the previous study that had been made using freshwater sediments, indicating an unusually long and severe drought during the period of Classic Maya collapse10. Despite this evidence, the drought theory behind the collapse of Classic Mayan civilization remains far from providing a complete and thoroughly satisfactory explanation.It fails to account for the previously mentioned differences in the dates of collapse of cities that lay within the same region and presumably suffered from the same drought. It has been suggested that the first cities to fall to the drought were more vulnerable by virtue of location, being less proximate to natural bodies of water, such as springs and rivers. This could then lead to warfare between cities due to competition for scant resources, and since the Mayan cities never were united into a single empire, it is likely that such warf are may have greatly destabilized Mayan society.As with other cases of collapsed societies throughout history, it is likely that multiple causes, of which drought was the most significant but by no means the only one, contrived to bring about the fall of the advanced Mayan society. Another society that was founded, peaked, and collapsed close to our modern day home would be the Anasazi of Chaco Canyon. This society had collapsed well before the arrival of Columbus, but unlike the Maya, left behind no written records. What is known about the Anasazi comes from using a combination of scientific methods to analyze what remains of their society.The Native Americans who first settled the U. S. Southwest faced a problem that is still obvious today. This region has very low and unpredictable rainfall. Drought is often cited as the obvious major reason for Anasazi society’s collapse, but recent studies indicate that the Anasazi sites themselves may still have been able to sustain a p opulation at the time of their abandonment. 11 In the study of the decline and collapse of Anasazi society, archeologists have relied heavily on a few methods of analysis.One lies in the field of dendrochronology and is particularly useful since the Anasazi, particularly at Chaco Canyon, made heavy use of timber for their construction. Using the thickness of individual tree rings from a particular piece of timber, dendrochronologists are able match patterns in the rings of different trees from the same region. By comparing several different trees in this manner, dendrochronologists are able to correctly associate each ring with a specific year, starting from trees in the present day and dating back for thousands of years.Dendrochronological studies thus present highly detailed information regarding the weather patterns of the U. S. Southwest and can indicate not only years of high rainfall or drought, but also the amount of rainfall and the season within a particular year during whi ch the rain fell12. Scientists have also analyzed the contents of pack rat middens to gain insight into the local vegetation. Pack rats (Neotoma spp. ) are rodents that have lived in the area for thousands of years, and gather vegetation and other organic material from within their small territorial range, preserving it in their nests, called ‘middens’.Pack rat midden analysis has allowed scientists to determine that the initial area around Chaco Canyon was forested with pinyon and juniper trees which no longer grow today in the vicinity, and led to the conclusion that the Anasazi of Chaco Canyon had deforested their surrounding woodland for firewood to fuel their pottery making, and for construction material as Chaco became an effective political and religious center for the Anasazi society. 3 Furthermore, studies of strontium isotopes in other types of wood used at Chaco indicate that several conifer logs had actually been imported from more distant areas such as the Chuska and San Mateo mountains, presumably after Chaco itself had been deforested. 14 It is believed that this deforestation led to irreversible nutrient loss in the soil of the Chaco area, which is further strengthened by studies of food remains at archeological sites.These remains indicate that as the food supply in Chaco deteriorated, its inhabitants resorted to eating rabbits and mice, and eventually cannibalism, as evidenced by boiled human bones with smooth ends and human muscle protein found in preserved dried human feces. 15 It is probable that cannibalism came with social unrest, possibly a revolt by the providers of Chaco Canyon against the elite, and that together with these factors, a drought (dated by tree rings to around 1130 CE) pushed Anasazi society at Chaco past its limits.Numbering at possibly 5,000 or more at their peak, the Chaco Anasazi had already exhausted and deforested their environment, and likely fought amongst themselves for the remaining resources. The final example I choose to discuss is the collapse of the Norse settlement of Greenland. Greenland is a harsh and fragile environment, but at the time of the Norse occupation around 980 CE, it was experiencing a relatively warm period that lasted from 800 – 1300 CE, ending with the start of the Little Ice Age.Information about Greenland’s climate is derived from palynological studies, wherein scientists analyze pollen found in mud deposits extracted from the bottom of lakes and bogs, and ice core studies. Pollen studies reveal what sort of plants were growing in the area, and can reveal subtle shifts in climate when pollen from cold-tolerant species is prevalent.Similar to dendrochronology, ice core studies reveal the amount of snowfall within a year, and by using a mass spectrometer it is possible to analyze the content of oxygen isotopes within a layer of snow, with the ratios of these isotopes indicating the average climate during that year. Ice cores can also reveal how stormy the year was in which the snow fell by analyzing concentrations of sodium and calcium ions, which are brought inland by sea spray. 16 By 1000 CE the Norse had settled Greenland in two different areas with a total population of around 5,000.They relied on hay farming to feed their livestock, which consisted of goats, sheep, and cows, but due to the length and severity of their winters, they were forced to estimate how many animals they could support with their stockpiled hay, and slaughter the remainder. If the winter lasted longer than expected, the consequences could obviously lead to the starvation and death of the few remaining livestock. Their pastoral lifestyle, use of turf for buildings, and need for firewood demanded the clearing of native vegetation, and livestock trampling hampered the regeneration of trees.Palynological studies support the conclusion that the Norse had deforested the environment and caused soil erosion, with the decline of pollen from willow an d birch trees as well as the presence of topsoil at the bottom of lakes indicating the loss of plant cover and soil. The loss of abundant lumber resulted in the halting of construction involving wood, and the lack of firewood limited the Norse in their efforts to pasteurize dairy products and extract iron for their implements.Unlike the Norse, the Inuit who settled Greenland in about 1200 CE managed to exploit the resources of the sea with their kayaks, hunting plentiful fish (which the Norse oddly refused to eat, as evidenced by the complete lack of fish remains in garbage) and whales, whose blubber could be used for fuel and warmth. Possible hostile contact between the Norse and Inuit may also have led to the decline of Norse society on Greenland, because it prevented the Norse from peacefully interacting with their neighbors and learning from them how to adapt to the extreme conditions.Another factor that weakened the Norse settlement was the increasing difficulty of transportati on, and hence trade and communication, across the sea with mainland Norway, as the cold weather brought by the Little Ice Age set in and ice began to make seafaring dangerous. 17 Summarized concisely in the words of Jared Diamond, the Norse settlement of Greenland collapsed due to â€Å"environmental damage, climate change, loss of friendly contacts with Norway, rise of hostile contacts with the Inuit, and the political, economic, social, and cultural setting of the Greenland Norse. †18

Baccalaureate Nurses vs. Associate Nurses Essay

Is having a Baccalaureate Degree in Nursing (BSN) better than an Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)? Why should nurses get a BSN? Many nurses ask themselves these questions. Hospitals are pushing for nurses to advance their education. If there is an ADN nurse and BSN nurse applying for the same position most likely the BSN nurse will receive the job before the ADN nurse because â€Å" the additional course work enhances the student’s professional development, prepares the new nurse for a broader scope of practice, and provides the nurse with a better understanding of the cultural, political, economic, and social issues that affect patients and influence health care delivery† (â€Å"American Association of Colleges of Nursing,† p.1). Different Education Routes for Nurses Diploma graduates, Associate graduates, and Baccalaureate graduates are the three education routes for licensures of Nurses. Even though all three programs sit for the same National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN), this exam verifies only â€Å"minimal competency to provide safe, basic care† (Haverkamp & Ball, 2013, p. 144). ADN vs. BSN Competencies Many say that Associate nurses are trained strictly on clinical skills, whereas Baccalaureate programs â€Å"emphasize evidence-based clinical practice and leadership through course work that includes research, statistics, population-based care, nursing management, and the humanities† (Haverkamp & Ball, 2013, p. 144). This meaning that, Baccalaureate nurses receive training that allows them to look at the whole picture, like why and how things happen and what they can do to prevent them. Associate nurses as a Member of the Health Care Team, â€Å"refer patients and their families to resources that facilitate continuity of care; health promotion, maintenance,  and restoration; and ensure confidentiality† (Texas Board of Nursing). Whereas a Baccalaureate nurse as a Member of Health Care Team, â€Å"use multiple referral resources for patients, families, populations, and communities, considering cost; confidentiality; effectiveness and efficiency of care; continuity and continuum of care; and health promotion, maintenance, and restoration† (Texas Board of Nursing). Patient Care Situation An example in the difference of education between Baccalaureate nurses and Associate nurses is shown here. The patient was admitted for Diabetic Ketoacidosis, not taking home medication because he was homeless and lacked health insurance. Nurse A, admitted this patient and cared for the patient for three days. On the third day the patient was to be discharged, keep in mind this patient came to the hospital because he is a Type 1 diabetic and was admitted for Diabetic Ketoacidosis and was not taking any of his insulin because he could not afford them. Upon Nurse A telling the patient he was going to be discharge the patient became irritated and started to become angry and stated â€Å"I am homeless, how am I suppose to pay for my medications that I need, and I will just come right back to the hospital because I won’t be able to take any of my medications.† Nurse A, being an Associate nurse thought to herself what am I suppose to do? Nurse A then stated to the patient â€Å"The doctor has discharged you so you are medically stable to leave.† Nurse A explained to the patient that the doctor wrote prescriptions for him to take and fill so that way the patient would have his medication. Again the patient stated â€Å"How am I suppose to pay for my medication if I am homeless and have no money.† Nurse A was stuck in what she needed to do. So during morning rounds with Case Management Nurses which carry a BSN, Nurse A expressed the patients concerns and their response was well let us take a look at every resource that we have and maybe we can voucher his medication for one month and possible sign him up for some type of health care that will help him with his insulin and other medications that he needed. The next thing the Baccalaureate nurse did was go into the patient’s room asked a variety of questions and came back out of the room and told Nurse A, that the patient qualifies for state health insurance and that she will work on the vouchers for his medication for a month. The Baccalaureate nurse explained to the Associate nurse that she would have to  go further up in the chain of command to get the medications vouchered. The Baccalaureate nurse also gave the patient resources that would help him with his troubles in life, examples were housing for the homeless, churches that donate clothes and food to the homeless. What if the Nurse had a BSN? If the nurse taking care of this patient had a BSN they would have started to collaborate with the Case Manager about vouchering his medications and helping him find health insurance upon admission. Examples of what the Baccalaureate nurse would do are: find resources for the patient for food, shelter and health insurance on the day the patient was admitted, or have made a case management referral. Whereas the Associate nurse was focused on treating the patients and the illness and verifying and following the doctors orders. This is an example of how a Baccalaureate nurse was able to apply leadership and critical thinking skills while the Associate nurse was unable to. The Associate nurse struggled with the situation that arisen on the day of discharge. For the three days the Associate nurse had the knowledge base to treat the patient illness; taking blood sugars, administering insulin and bringing the patient back to holistic level of wellness. Conclusion In conclusion, it is important for all nurses to further their education. Baccalaureate nurses can provide better care for their patients and educate their patients about their disease process in depth and use the resources available to all nurses. They are also able to provide better patient outcomes through their advanced knowledge. Baccalaureate nurses also have opportunities for career advancement in all sorts of different positions whereas the Associate nurses are most likely staying in patient care areas. Baccalaureate nurses can move up and work as Nurse Managers, Case Managers, Quality Management and Infection Control. The encouragement for all nurses to advance their education is a quality step in the right direction for delivering excellent and safe patient care. References American Association of Colleges of Nursing. The Impact of Education on Nursing Practice. (n.d). Retrieved from http://www.aacn.nche.edu/media-relations/fact-sheets/impact-of-education Haverkamp, J. J., & Ball, K. (2013, August). BSN 10: What is Your Opinion? AORN Journal, 98(2), 144-152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2013.06.006 Texas Board of Nursing. (December 2011). Differentiated Essential Competencies of Graduates of Texas Nursing Programs. Retrieved from http://www.bon.texas.gov/about/pdfs/delc-2010.pdf

Glorious Revolution essays

Glorious Revolution essays The different ways which people translate or view varies important documents; for example, the Constitution, can usually change the lives of many or even cause clashes between the states. Both Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglas has their own strong opinion when it comes to the issue of slavery. At the time of Lincolns presidency, the sole purpose of him was to keep the country intact, therefore, he has to deal with slavery in a much more less extreme way when compared to Frederick Douglas, because he has to please everyone. From Douglas Independence Day Speech, anyone can see that he held much grudge toward the US constitution, nevertheless, he still believes if correctly interpreted, the Constitution may help with the abolishing of slavery. According to Douglas, the very people who drew up the Constitution believe in the fact that all men were created equal. Hence, there should be no differences between African-American and the White-Americans. Therefore, the practice of slavery is not only against morality, its also unconstitutional. Due to the fact slavery is made unconstitional by the Constitution, it makes the document itself the most glorious document ever. Ultimately, what Douglas want is the total abolishment of slavery, and hes not afraid to be blunt about it. In the case of Lincoln, he has to approach slavery in a much more subtle manner because he knew if he express his views un-clearly or cast the slightest impression of support or against slavery, he may very well lead the country into a civil war, therefore, making himself the person to blame. And from Lincolns statement, anyone can clearly see that he believes the Constitution is there to keep the nation in order and united. Thus, the interpretation of Constitition regarding slavery can be flexible as long as its for the best of the country. Nevertheless, despit...

The History of Japanese Ninjas

The History of Japanese Ninjas The ninja of movies and comic books- a stealthy assassin in black robes with magical abilities in the arts of concealment and murder- is very compelling, to be sure. But the historical reality of the ninja is somewhat different. In feudal Japan, ninjas were a lower class of warriors often recruited by samurai and governments to act as spies. Origins of the Ninja It is difficult to pin down the emergence of the first ninja, more properly called shinobi- after all, people around the world have always used spies and assassins. Japanese folklore states that the ninja descended from a demon that was half man and half crow. However, it seems more likely that the ninja slowly evolved as an opposing force to their upper-class contemporaries, the samurai, in early feudal Japan. Most sources indicate that the skills that became ninjutsu, the ninjas art of stealth, began to develop between 600 to 900. Prince Shotoku, who lived from 574 to 622, is said to have employed Otomono Sahito as a shinobi spy. By the year 907, the Tang Dynasty in China had fallen, plunging the country into 50 years of chaos and forcing Tang generals to escape over the sea to Japan where they brought new battle tactics and philosophies of war. Chinese monks also began to arrive in Japan in the 1020s, bringing new medicines and fighting philosophies of their own, with many of the ideas originating in India  and making their way across Tibet and China before turning up in Japan. The monks taught their methods to Japans warrior-monks, or yamabushi, as well as to members of the first ninja clans. The First Known Ninja School For a century or more, the blend of Chinese and native tactics that would become ninjutsu developed as a counter-culture, without rules. It was first formalized by Daisuke Togakure and Kain Doshi around the 12th century. Daisuke had been a samurai, but he was on the losing side in a regional battle and forced to forfeit his lands and his samurai title. Ordinarily, a samurai might commit seppuku under these circumstances, but Daisuke did not. Instead, in 1162, Daisuke wandered the mountains of southwest Honshu where he met Kain Doshi, a Chinese warrior-monk. Daisuke renounced his bushido code, and together the two developed a new theory of guerrilla warfare called ninjutsu. Daisukes descendants created the first ninja ryu, or school, the Togakureryu. Who Were the Ninja? Some of the ninja leaders, or jonin, were disgraced samurai like Daisuke Togakure that had lost in battle or had been renounced by their daimyo but fled rather than committing ritual suicide. However, most ordinary ninjas were not from the nobility. Instead, low-ranking ninjas were villagers and farmers who learned to fight by any means necessary for their own self-preservation, including the use of stealth and poison to carry out assassinations. As a result, the most famous ninja strongholds were the Iga and Koga Provinces, mostly known for their rural farmlands and quiet villages. Women also served in ninja combat. Female ninja, or kunoichi, infiltrated enemy castles in the guise of dancers, concubines, or servants who were highly successful spies and sometimes even acted as assassins as well. Samurai Use of the Ninja The samurai lords could not always prevail in open warfare, but they were constrained by bushido, so they often hired ninjas to do their dirty work. Secrets could be spied out, opponents assassinated, or misinformation planted, all without sullying a samurais honor. This system also transferred wealth to the lower classes, as the ninja were paid handsomely for their work. Of course, a samurais enemies could also hire ninja, and as a result, the samurai needed, despised, and feared the ninja- in equal measure. The ninja high man, or jonin, gave orders to the chunin  (middle man), who passed them on to the genin, or the ordinary ninja. This hierarchy was also, unfortunately, based on the class the ninja had come from before training, but it wasnt uncommon for a skilled ninja to ascend the ranks well beyond his or her social class. The Rise and Fall of the Ninja The ninja came into their own during the tumultuous era between 1336 and 1600. In an atmosphere of constant war, ninja skills were essential for all sides, and they played a key role in the Nanbukucho Wars (1336–1392), the Onin War (1460s), and the  Sengoku Jidai, or Warring States Period- where they aided samurai in their internal power struggles. The ninja were an important tool during the Sengoku Period (1467-1568), but also a destabilizing influence. When warlord Oda Nobunaga emerged as the strongest daimyo and began to reunite Japan in 1551–1582, he saw the ninja strongholds at Iga and Koga as a threat, but despite quickly defeating and co-opting the Koga ninja forces, Nobunaga had more trouble with Iga.​ In what would later be called the Iga Revolt or Iga No Run, Nobunaga attacked the ninja of Iga with an overwhelming force of more than 40,000 men. Nobunagas lightning-quick attack on Iga forced the ninja to fight open battles, and as a result, they were defeated and scattered to nearby provinces and the mountains of Kii. While their base was destroyed, the ninja did not vanish entirely. Some went into the service of Tokugawa Ieyasu, who became shogun in 1603, but the much-reduced ninja continued to serve on both sides in various struggles. In one famous incident from 1600, a ninja snuck through a group of Tokugawas defenders at Hataya castle and planted the flag of the besieging army high on the front gate. The Edo Period under the Tokugawa Shogunate  from 1603–1868 brought stability and peace to Japan, bringing the ninja story to a close. Ninja skills and legends survived, though, and were embellished to enliven the movies, games, and comic books of today.

Research Paper on Apple Inc Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

On Apple Inc - Research Paper Example The same year saw the death of its CEO and founder Steve Jobs who had sat at the helm since 1999 to oversee the growth of the company into a leading technology company globally. Manufacturing Aspect of Apple Apple Company has kept its designing process a top secret for many years but this changed with the publishing of Adam Lashinsky?s book. This book brought to light Apple’s designing process from the first through to the last stages. At Apple, every individual responsible for designing its products is treated like royalty. The product conforms to the designer’s idea, whereby no department in Apple, be it finance or manufacturing claims responsibility for the existence of a product (Roberts 238). Jony Ive heads the department of design and all designers work with flexibility and independence rarely seen in most companies. Designers are given unrestricted financial budget in as far as their work is concerned. They also have unlimited supply of materials at their disposa l. The location of the design studio is only accessible to countable individuals, one of them being Jonathan Ive. The whole process begins with the formulation of an idea for a new product. Once this is achieved and approved, a group of experts is organized and isolated from other workers (Jason 126). Agreements like secrecy are put in motion and even isolation by physical obstacles is used. A potion of the building could also be kept inaccessible to other workers to allow the team enough time and privacy to work on the product. After all this has been done, a document stipulating the design process and stages and also individuals responsible for given tasks and duties is prepared. It also stipulates the time duration required for the product’s completion. This document is known as the Apple New Product Process. The executive team holds meetings every beginning of the week to check and discuss every invention that the company has on course. Immediately after the production pr ocess begins, two individuals are appointed to oversee its completion and success. This is the engineering program manager and the global supply manager. The two work together though with a lot of friction and are based in China. Though it happens that a worker in the factory could be paid to release information pertaining to the unfinished product, Apple Inc. has strategies to prevent such events from happening. This is done by redesigning the finished product and sending it through the manufacturing process again (Robert, 184). All this takes 4-6 weeks. Afterwards the engineering program manager takes the finished device to Cupertino for assessment and commentaries. Then, he goes back to China to supervise the subsequent iteration of the invention. Completion of the device production is followed by packaging. A section of the marketing department is dedicated to packaging. A well defined plan for the launch of the product is created. This is a highly guided document that puts in o rder the relevant landmarks of the progress of an invention until its launch. Each landmark is marked with the individual responsible and the misplacement or revealing of this document leads to instant redundancy. Apple takes on a costly and less resourceful process so as to come up with a serious good. It avoids the more traditional way of production undertaken by other companies. Corporate Responsibility of Apple Inc. The death of one of the founders of Apple Inc,